Here is the list of direct and indirect strategies suggested by Oxford (1990). Can you guess which strategies belong to direct strategies and which ones are indirect? Drag and drop the strategies to complete the diagram below.

Objects to move

  • Memory strategies
  • Cognitive strategies
  • Compensation strategies
  • Metacognitive strategies
  • Social strategies
  • Affective strategies

              Table Direct and Indirect Language Learning Strategies (adapted from Oxford, 1990)